Personal Log  #1195

January 28, 2023  -  January 30, 2023

Last Updated:  Weds. 2/22/2023

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1-30-2023

Why?  Supposedly, the measure of Toyota's success is to rollout their first vehicle using the e-TNGA platform in high volume.  Taking it slow to ensure dealers, salespeople, and consumers are all well informed is unacceptable.  The market should be flooded with as many as possible as quickly as possible, according to enthusiasts.  So seeing this is causing quite a stir: "Toyota Only Expects to Sell 10,000 bZ4Xs This Year"  Why?  Knowing there is a smaller crossover and a sedan in the works, what's the problem?  Enthusiasts immediately want to slap on a "failure" label and move on.  Anything other than a mega-hit is unacceptable.  Ugh.  Their lack of patience is astounding.  Anywho, this is what I had to say in response to the article with that title, an obvious click-bait publish:  Limiting initial release volume is what we have seen in the past from Toyota. The approach ends up drawing the devoted, those who will share their own experiences and help newbies that follow. It has proven very effective. That also isolates problems, should something come up... which is this case with 4X, it happened twice during that first year.

1-30-2023

Top Seller.  Remember all that boasting back in December, when haters of Toyota were celebrating that they had predicted coming up over 800,000 vehicles short of what was planned?  They were declaring victory, exclaiming VW would take the thrown for volume leader.  Instead, this happened: "Despite the chip shortage and Covid-related supply chain disruption, Toyota and its subsidiaries sold nearly 10.5 million vehicles last year, around the same as in 2021.  In 2022, Toyota sold 2.7 million electrified vehicles, around five percent more than the previous year. The vast majority of those -- 2.6 million -- were hybrid models."  That news today brought silence, a sucker-punch to troublemakers of all sorts.  They were not expecting that.  With near empty lots and waiting list, assumption was there would be an inventory shortage.  Toyota's ability to just-in-time deliver still holds true, for now.  The paradigm-shift for how vehicles are purchased and the status-quo shakeup related to plugging in will require a rethink.  What is wanted and when?  Knowing Tesla is being forced to survive with much lower profit-margin by lowering price of their luxury models and being well aware that upcoming economy models will be even less profitable to begin with, the competition will get interesting.  Easy sales are disappearing, which makes sense now that limited choice is giving way to a wide variety.  It will be very, very interesting to watch what happens with the new Prius.  That choice could be an incredible draw... just the right amount of range, power and creature comforts, along with well proven reliability.  A shift to the PHEV as primary focus makes sense.  That time has come... and is a great means of bridging the transition to BEV.  That's how you retain top-seller status.

1-30-2023

CATL Thoughts.  Someone asking something constructive: "So what's people's thoughts on the Solterra US models having the lower charge rate CATL batteries?"  Yeah!  It makes sense with so many relentless attacks on Toyota that no information is this regard has been released.  No matter what the facts are, antagonists will find a way to spin it to be negative.  That's what they do... especially when the fact reveals advantage for Toyota.  Heck, even just confirming Toyota isn't actually "late" would be a devastating blow.  BEV purists are currently in a struggle for messaging.  A new twist like LFP is the last thing they are prepared to deal with.  Addressing that chemistry difference is vital though.  This is just like decades ago when the computer industry could no longer promote computers on basically just CPU speed alone.  That metric used to serve as a means of package recognition.  The faster the CPU, the better the associated components.  It's the role range had primarily served for BEV.  More tended to indicate a better vehicle in terms of performance & features.  Toyota is messing that up.  For that matter, VW is attempting that too.  This is why there's a looming mystery around the CATL offering.  What makes it different?  We see traits that closely mimic those of LFP... especially with regard to temperature.  Think about it.  Slower charging makes detecting voltage variance easier.  Charging to 100% for the sake of calibration wouldn't be necessary if Toyota invested heavily in software to accurate monitor changes.  In that case, SOC (State Of Charge) would be accurately depicted even without going to full from time to time.  Having mastered that would give Toyota an advantage, one they wouldn't reveal.  Toyota likes to be subtle and only reveals detail when pushed.  We may not find out for a long time.  Until then, there isn't much I can say in my replies:  The catch is finding out what kind of cell was actually used. If the CATL supplied is LFP, rather NMC, there's a different set of priorities being addressed.  You'll get greatly improved longevity and the ability to charge to 100% without penalty.  That would make a tradeoff of speed much easier to accept.

1-29-2023

Clean Sheet.  People overlook clues, even when they are repeated many times.  Not seeking out detail is the problem.  They tend to be satisfied with basics.  Simplicity thrives.  Whatever stirs the most emotion becomes a talking point.  I knew Toyota's approach of continuous improvement was part of how bZ4X came about.  At some point though, you take everything you learned and start fresh.  In software, when a coding refactor becomes too big or yields too little of a benefit, you start over.  With a career of over 30 years, I have participated in that cycle several times now.  That's just a natural part of the process.  Having already witnessed that with Prius, seeing it evolve from sedan to hatchback, I knew the 5th generation requiring a fresh start was inevitable.  How can you keep ahead of the competition without eventually doing that?  Key to success is timing.  When is best to do that?  With the case of Toyota's BEV, why not learn as much as possible from a dedicated platform based upon existing opportunity first?  In other words, take advantage of the disruption avoidance opportunity by leveraging TNGA initially.  That way, you get priceless insight as to how to best invest the start fresh effort.  Look at how VW had to rush to commit.  They were forced into BEV production as a result of dieselgate penalties.  GM appears to have rushed with Ultium too, as a result of Bolt efforts having gone so bad.  Toyota can bide their time.  There is risk, but fallout from rushing can be costly.  Needless to say, I had to remind some of what we have known for quite some time now:  The plan all along was to upgrade to a "clean sheet" design at some point.  Recent choice was to accelerate that plan and limit the spread of e-TNGA.  We were told from the very beginning the initial rollout design was not optimized and would be prohibitively expensive for mass production (very high volume).

1-29-2023

Not Again.  Ugh.  Looks like we have a repeat performance of "over promise, under deliver" from GM.  I wondered what was happening.  The silence has been broken by others curious too.  I piled on with:  Haven't noticed the problems with Ultium yet?  Delivery of only 72 Lyrics and 86 Hummers provides a clue there is something impeding rollout.  Expectation at this point was far more would be in the hands of owners, especially with so much touting about orders. And remember the fine-print in the Chevy television commercial last Fall?  Equinox EV delivery was supposed to start Spring 2023.  Making matters worse is the warning about "premature lock-in" for batteries is starting to sink in.  We're seeing a massive move away from dependency on nickel & cobalt.  Ultium didn't go in that direction.  Amount within was reduced, but not eliminated.  Benefit from elimination, as LFP has demonstrated, is becoming apparent.  Those tradeoffs appear to be worthwhile... just like other seemingly less competitive technologies ending up the choice for mass-market use.  It's the same old game of engineering by press-release and having minions spread hype.

1-29-2023

Lobbying Spin.  Inevitably, it's back: "Toyota was among the top ten of companies lobbying against global-warming addressing policies."  The nonsense will never die.  Of course, that quote came from a well know troll.  So, simply ignoring the comment would have been perfectly fine.  I took the bait though.  It was an opportunity to provide a reminder of important detail intentionally omitted:  That is a twist of facts to reinforce the "behind" narrative.  Toyota wasn't against global warming, they were against the proposed approach.  Don't even try denying how terrible the policy has been either.  That battle is lost, as evidenced by the new tax-credits.  The reality that Toyota saw it coming and no one wants to admit their own error, we know have quite a mess to unravel.

1-29-2023 Long Game.  There is a guy in Canada who shares my stance and replies to rhetoric online in a similar fashion.  I don't often join his comment thread.  Independence works to our favor.  But in this case, it was too good to resist: "It's a long, long wait to get a Prius Prime, up to a year. It's almost as if Toyota doesn't want to make them..."  I joined that discussion with:

They didn't.  Knowing you have a significant next-gen rollout on the way, producing the outgoing is counter-productive.  It becomes a misrepresentation of what you're capable of.  That's why production of the original PHV was halted the year before even just the reveal of Prime.  With this next-gen on the way, there's a build of anticipation.

Timing with the expiration of tax-credits in the United States provided another good reason to just allow current supply to sell out.  It made no sense flooding the market with such uncertainty.  That clearly paid off too.  More would have brought about the incentive absence even sooner.

Now, the United States is in that very situation you describe: "In markets where people are using their own money, I'd expect the PHEVs to do reasonably..."  Those purchases won't be to exploit the opportunity of a subsidy.  It will be to take advantage of having a plug.  In such a fickle market, that's a really big deal.

The fact that Toyota will have a market-leading PHEV along side a BEV proving quality & reliability sets the stage nicely.  Hearing of their investment in an optimized platform to follow is great.  That's exactly how to play the long game.  Their entire consumer-base will be looking forward, intimidation & doubt of the past washed away.

What I find most intriguing about all this is the lack of patience on the part of enthusiasts.  Back when the original Prius rolled out, we saw similar outcry.  The mid-cycle upgrade showed dedication to the cause.  The next-gen upgrade confirmed solid commitment.  The rhetoric in the meantime though was intense.  Antagonists threw everything they had at the effort to undermine & mislead.  They had no idea how to play the long game.

1-28-2023 Waiting For John.  With the recent CEO announcement shortly following the "clean sheet" announcement, I was curious what people had to say on the big Prius forum.  To my surprise, there were quite a number of posts waiting for me to jump into the discussion.  Many active exchanges of the past leveraged information I had to convey.  With over 2 decades of experience, they look forward to conversations with so much open feedback.  We get rather intense sometimes.  To the lurker, they probably appear as heated arguments.  Knowing that, I provided some detailed fodder for them to tussle:

It is very interesting to watch a chapter in history conclude and a new one start.  We've been through it many time now, but this particular one was especially important.  I'll climb up on my soapbox now...

From the Prius perspective, it went through the very predictable product cycle.  Generations 1, 2, 3 were basically textbook examples of great success adapting to an increasingly wider audience while significantly raising production volume at the same time.  Generation 4 is almost inevitably a struggle, hit or miss regardless of what's tried.  The market has seen it all at that point.  It's why you must spread the technology elsewhere, putting greater emphasis on diversification.  In other words, mission accomplished.  If it fails, no big deal since the business itself moves on.  That's why seeing "Hybrid Reborn" was such a test of patience.  Generation 5 must be a reset to be successful.  For it to capture the market again, it must redefine itself.

From the Toyota perspective, we'll see the end of Prius as a hybrid.  It will become a PHEV only, then pass the thrown over to a BEV successor.  That electric-only contender is bZ4X.  Many of the traits which drew founders to the first generation Prius are evident in this first dedicated platform from Toyota.  And just like with the second generation Prius, we can expect a full refresh for the follow up.  Anyone remember just how duck-out-of-water that first Prius was?  It has some standout design features, but clearly wasn't a configuration for the masses.  We will see that "clean sheet" platform along with the new motor under development.

From the industry perspective in our market, early-adopter stage has come to an end.  All the low-hanging fruit is gone.  We can see Tesla slipping from milking opportunity to changing plans on the fly.  GM is a mess, again we are witnessing "over promise, under deliver" play out right before our eyes.  VW is starting to feel the burden of what it embarked to do.  Meeting expectations is taking far more difficult than imagined, but they are doing an excellent job of keeping at it.  Ford is facing serious challenges moving forward.  As for the smaller players here, that potential is promising.  It's a matter of appealing to their customers... which is what Toyota is striving for.

With regard to the CEO change for Toyota, that's the key to moving on and very well timed.  Just like any other business, sunsetting old projects, accelerating new projects, and investment in research & education all get a fresh consideration.  Some difficult decisions of the past, will now be much easier.  Naysayers have nothing to say now.  My focus though is the BEV purists, seeing them finally respond to the wake-up call.  They did not want to face the reality of how much still needs to be done with battery chemistry, charging infrastructure, consumer understanding, and political policy.  The naïve nature of their prior stance has now become apparent.  Toyota saw this all along.  They play the long-game, ignoring rhetoric along the way... and will continue to, staying modest and biding their time.

For me, I'll be getting a bZ4X.  That means a patient wait, since I want to support sales here and inventory hasn't reached this region yet.  With Minnesota being the only ZEV state in the Midwest and those rules officially kicking in 11 months, an expectation of backlash is growing.  Being able to show a less-than-perfect vehicle purchased locally can be very rewarding to own & drive goes a long way... exactly as I did over 22 years ago with the first Prius.  We have no idea what my wife will do with her 2017 Prius Prime.  With level-2 charging available at work and at band practice, driving around with just electricity is working just fine.  It may be a matter of waiting to see the variety of options on the way and sharing my 4X some in the meantime.

Anywho, you now have my thoughts on the matter at hand.

1-28-2023 Outlet Advice.  It is fun to provide a detailed reply to a newbie.  This question today was worthy of that type of attention: "I plan to buy a new, 2023 Prius Prime, and want to prepare by installing a 220 volt outlet in my garage.  What amperage should I prepare for?"  I was delighted to provide a lengthy answer in return:

Good question.

First, it is 240 volts.  The long-ago used 220 volt has been dead for quite awhile.  It's important to know that when calculating expectations.

Odds are the "6.6 kW" rate will continue to be the advertised speed.  That's a generic reference, since 208-volt systems are what you'll encounter at public charging-stations. With the maximum pull of 32 amps, that calculates to 6.6 kW for a rate (208 * 32).  At home, you have single-phase power which is available at a higher voltage than that 3-phase.  As a result, you'd be able to see as much as 7.7 kW (240 * 32).  More likely, pull requested from the car will be 30 amps maximum. That sets an expectation of 7.2 kW.

The importance of all that math is to under what that "7.2 kW" means.  It represents the amount of electricity you will be able to pull from the EVSE (your level-2 device) per hour (hence a "kWh" value).  Taking electrical loss from charging account, let's say you can save 7.0 kWh into the battery-pack per hour (prior to the slow down when approaching full).  Assuming you are averaging a drive efficiency of 3.5 mi/kWh (miles per kilowatt-hour), you would be able to gain roughly 25 miles of EV per hour.

Long story short, you would want the following minimum to achieve that... 8-gauge wire with a 40-amp breaker.  Since the specifications for a NEMA 14-50 outlet can handle more of a load and a future plug-in vehicle could benefit from that, consider 6-gauge wire with a 50-amp breaker.  Naturally, the power pulled from the line is dependent upon both the vehicle and the EVSE you purchase.

For my own personal setup, my wife and I had conduit installed with 8-gauge wire and a 40-amp breakers for each EVSE over 5.5 years ago, taking advantage of a $500 rebate for each from our electricity provider along with off-peak discounted rates.  Now on the eve of replacing my Prius Prime with a bZ4X, that choice of configuration proved a wise one.  I will be able to continue to use that setup completely unaltered.  Had the maximum rate for the BEV been higher, I could have easily pull 6-gauge wire and upgrade the breaker to 50-amp.  So, no regrets on that capacity decision oh so long ago.

Most importantly, keep in mind that the EVSE requires a 20% safety buffer.  So if you want to pull 32 amps continuously, you must have 40-amp capacity.  To pull 40 amps, you need a 50-amp capacity.  So when you decide to purchase a "32" or "40" amp EVSE, keep in mind that reference is for the pull-speed not line-capacity.

 

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